Democracy Rules

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A much-anticipated guide to saving democracy from one of our essential political thinkers. While it’s widely recognized that democracy is in trouble, we must first understand what it truly means. Jan-Werner Müller, acclaimed for his insights on populism, returns to basics in this concise volume. He argues that democracy is built not only on liberty and equality but also on uncertainty, which, despite its unappealing nature—especially in the wake of a pandemic—is vital for democracy's dynamic character. This uncertainty distinguishes democracy from authoritarian regimes that seek to make politics predictable. Müller emphasizes the need to revitalize intermediary institutions, such as political parties and free media, which have historically been crucial for democracy's success. Contrary to popular belief, these institutions are not obsolete in today's supposed age of post-party populism and post-truth. He offers concrete suggestions for renovating democracy's infrastructure, empowering citizens while ensuring a role for professionals like journalists and judges. These institutions are essential for negotiating a democratic social contract that addresses the disconnect between the wealthy and the marginalized, fostering a shared political community.