Treatise On Geophysics, Volume 2

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This volume offers a thorough review of the current understanding of mineral physics, showcasing significant advancements in the field while identifying unresolved issues that require further investigation. It begins by examining our knowledge of the deep Earth, including the seismic properties of rocks and minerals, challenges related to the lower mantle and core-mantle boundary, and insights into mantle chemistry and core evolution. The text then delves into the theoretical foundations of high-pressure, high-temperature physics and explores major experimental techniques developed to investigate these conditions. Subsequent chapters detail specific methods for measuring elastic and acoustic properties, electronic and magnetic characteristics, and rheological properties. Additionally, it addresses the nature and origin of anisotropy within the Earth, the properties of melt, and the magnetic and electrical attributes of mantle phases. This self-contained volume starts with an overview and proceeds to explore each topic in depth, featuring extensive reference lists and cross-references to facilitate further research. Full-color figures and tables enhance comprehension, making the content accessible to both experts and non-experts alike.