Der Fokus liegt auf dem Leben und Werk des Religionshistorikers Carl Clemen, der von 1865 bis 1940 lebte. Das Buch beleuchtet seine historisch-philologischen Studien zur Religionsgeschichte sowie seine bedeutenden Beiträge zur systematischen Religionswissenschaft. Zudem wird Clemen als Emeritus nach 1933 dargestellt, wobei seine Rolle als Gegner des Nationalsozialismus im zeitgeschichtlichen Kontext skizziert wird.
This book explores algorithmic problems related to binary quadratic forms \( f(X, Y) = aX^2 + bXY + cY^2 \) with integer coefficients \( a, b, c \), the mathematical theories that address these issues, and their applications in cryptography. A significant portion of the theory is developed for forms with real coefficients, demonstrating that integer coefficient forms arise naturally. The evolution of number theory has been propelled by the exploration of concrete computational challenges, leading to the development of profound theories from the time of Euler and Gauss to the present. Algorithmic solutions and their properties have become a distinct area of study. The book intertwines classical strands of number theory with the presentation and analysis of both classical and modern algorithms that address these motivating problems. This algorithmic perspective aims to foster an understanding of both theory and solution methods, as well as an appreciation for the efficiency of these solutions. The computer age has significantly advanced algorithmic search capabilities, enabling the resolution of complex problems, such as Pell equations with large coefficients. Additionally, the role of number theory in public-key cryptography has heightened the importance of establishing the complexity of various computational problems, as the security of many computer systems relies on their intractability.
This dissertation utilizes population balance models to design control strategies for crystallization processes, which are essential in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries for producing solid materials. The focus is on crystallization from solution, a method often employed because chemical reactions occur in the liquid phase while the products are typically solid. Crystallization also serves for purification and separation. The process begins with a supersaturated solution, achieved through cooling or solvent evaporation, allowing solute molecules to integrate into the crystal lattice, leading to crystal growth and the formation of new crystals. Supersaturation is the driving force behind these transformations, with crystal size being a critical property. Crystal size distribution (CSD) is vital in industrial crystallizers, as it affects the dynamics of crystallization plants and significantly impacts product quality and downstream processability, influencing filterability, flowability, and dissolution rates. Industrial crystallization can be conducted in continuous or batch modes, each presenting unique control challenges, which this dissertation addresses. The work is divided into two main parts, corresponding to these distinct control problems, demonstrating that advanced control synthesis methods can effectively be applied to crystallization processes through population balance models.