Muhammad Shahid Knihy

Biomasse ist eine erneuerbare Energiequelle, während Kohle eine nicht-erneuerbare Energiequelle ist. Die Vorbehandlung von Biomasse ist notwendig, bevor sie zur Energieerzeugung genutzt werden kann. Durch die Vorbehandlung von Biomasse mit Wärme können wir ihren Brennwert und ihre Hydrophobie verbessern. Bei der Torrefizierung handelt es sich um eine milde Pyrolyse, bei der der Biomasse in einem Muffelofen oder in einem Reaktor Wärme von 2000 bis 3000 Grad Celsius zugeführt wird. Im Labormaßstab verwenden wir Muffelöfen, während in großem Maßstab Reaktoren für die Torrefizierung von Biomasse eingesetzt werden.

The study focuses on evaluating various rice genotypes under hydroponic conditions to assess their response to salinity stress during the seedling stage. Findings reveal that salinity significantly impairs seedling traits. The research highlights promising genotypes that could be incorporated into future breeding programs aimed at developing salt-tolerant rice varieties, addressing a critical challenge in global crop productivity.

Background: The diagnosis of osteoarthritis in dogs remains a diagnostic challenge due to the lack of appropriate biomarkers. Therefore, this study was performed a proteomic approach to compare the protein patterns in dogs’ synovial fluid and serum that might be helpful in elucidating pathways involved in joint damage and the identification of new diagnostic biomarkers. Material and methods: SF was collected from dogs suffered from OA (n = 41) and healthy control dogs (n = 8), and serum was collected from OA dogs (n = 13) and healthy controls (n = 16). Protein concentrations were measured by Bradford analysis and were separated using SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Proteins that were different between OA and healthy samples were digested by trypsin, analysed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and compared with SwissProt database. A commercially available ELISA kit was used to evaluate Apo AI as diagnostic biomarker in SF and serum. Results: Total protein concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in dogs with OA compared to control dogs. Serum albumin and Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo AI) were significantly identified in SF. Apo A-I was further confirmed in serum and SF by significantly higher (P < 0.001) concentration in dogs with OA compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: The quantification of total protein and Apolipoprotein A-I concentrations in SF might be potential diagnostic biomarkers in canine OA.