The book explores the complexities of fiscal discipline in federations, examining how varying degrees of tax autonomy and government control affect financial stability. It highlights the challenges faced by central governments in committing to non-bailout policies for subnational entities, particularly in nations like Brazil and Germany, where neither market discipline nor centralized control is fully achievable. Through a blend of theoretical insights, quantitative analysis, and case studies, it sheds light on the diverse experiences of countries regarding subnational fiscal management.
A prizewinning political scientist traces the origins of urban-rural political conflict and shows how geography shapes elections in America and beyond Why is it so much easier for the Democratic Party to win the national popular vote than to build and maintain a majority in Congress? Why can Democrats sweep statewide offices in places like Pennsylvania and Michigan yet fail to take control of the same states' legislatures? Many place exclusive blame on partisan gerrymandering and voter suppression. But as political scientist Jonathan A. Rodden demonstrates in Why Cities Lose, the left's electoral challenges have deeper roots in economic and political geography. In the late nineteenth century, support for the left began to cluster in cities among the industrial working class. Today, left-wing parties have become coalitions of diverse urban interest groups, from racial minorities to the creative class. These parties win big in urban districts but struggle to capture the suburban and rural seats necessary for legislative majorities. A bold new interpretation of today's urban-rural political conflict, Why Cities Lose also points to electoral reforms that could address the left's under-representation while reducing urban-rural polarization.
