Asian Development Bank Knihy

Focusing on the commercialization of microfinance in Sri Lanka, this report examines the process and implications for various stakeholders, including clients, practitioners, and government officials. It analyzes both micro and macro levels of commercialization, highlighting the progress achieved so far and the challenges that remain. The study aims to enhance understanding among stakeholders regarding the commercialization approach and its impact on the microfinance industry in the country.

Focusing on futures thinking and foresight, this handbook details the Asian Development Bank's innovative approach to identify opportunities for transformational change in Asia and the Pacific. It highlights strategies for financing future initiatives, showcasing how the ADB aims to navigate and support sustainable development in the region. Through practical insights and methodologies, the book serves as a guide for stakeholders looking to foster impactful change.

This edition reviews developments in East Asian financial conditions and local currency bond markets. Long-term bond yields declined reflecting a dimming growth outlook while bond issuance achieved a record-high in the second quarter of 2022. Yields on 10-year local currency government bonds dropped and yield curves flattened due to mounting risks and a dimming economic outlook between 15 June and 24 August. The record-high regional bond issuance during the second quarter was driven mostly by efforts to support economy recovery. Issuance in ASEAN member economies rose to USD418.1 billion, growing 10.3% quarter-on-quarter, accounting for 17.5% of regional bond issuance. The region's aggregate bond stock rose to $22.9 trillion at the end of June. Included in the report are market summaries for the PRC; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; the Republic of Korea; Malaysia; the Philippines; Singapore; Thailand; and Viet Nam.

This report shows how the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) can leverage its regional position to boost trade, increase agriculture, and harness the power of its cities to promote inclusive and equitable growth. Analyzing the Lao PDR's production and trading structure, it details the Greater Mekong Subregion's plan to improve competitiveness, community, and connectivity in order to converge income and living standards between members. Outlining the need for structural transformation, it discusses the potential for the Lao PDR to upgrade its value chain positioning, diversify its industries, and capitalize on regional cooperation to achieve its development targets.

This report assesses the current ecosystem for tech-based startups in Thailand, focusing on climate change, education, agriculture, and health. It discusses the challenges facing tech startups and provides recommendations to overcome them. Technology-based startup enterprises are an increasingly important part of the business landscape in Asia and the Pacific. By applying innovative technologies to create new products and services, they can make a significant contribution to economic development while generating social and environmental benefits. However, to survive and then thrive, tech startups require an enabling ecosystem that includes supportive government policy, access to capital, skilled personnel, quality digital infrastructure and other elements. It is the fourth country report in the series "Ecosystems for Technology Startups in Asia and the Pacific."

This report discusses progress made by the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Program's trade facilitation efforts from 2010 to 2020 and evaluates the efficiency of cross-border trade across six CAREC transport corridors. Using the results of Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring (CPMM) tool, it outlines the disruption caused by COVID-19 and details steps by the 11 CAREC member countries to facilitate trade, bolster cooperation, and boost connectivity. Analyzing outstanding challenges and opportunities, it prescribes possible actions to remove important structural barriers to enable the efficient flow of goods and unlock growth for the region.

This report shows how air quality in the People's Republic of China's fast-growing Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei industrial hub has deteriorated and presents an integrated, cost-effective model to reduce carbon emissions and other pollutants. Analyzing the costs and benefits of different scenarios, it sets out a modeling framework and shows how adapting policies can help boost the region's development, environment, and public well-being. It explores how increasing energy efficiency and reducing fossil fuel consumption can improve air quality and help the PRC meet its commitment to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.

This report explores these conceptual and policy issues, insofar as they are potentially relevant to ADB operations in its 12 PDMCs.

This report looks at how the use of local currency-denominated bonds for cross-border collateral transactions can be promoted in ASEAN+3 to develop regional bond markets. Active use of local currency-denominated bonds for cross-border collateral transactions can help by mitigating risks, reducing the credit costs of financial institutions, and expanding market liquidity. The report identifies the challenges faced by regional collateral markets and proposes seven policy recommendations for promoting the cross-border use of local currency bonds as collateral in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations plus the People's Republic of China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea-known collectively as ASEAN+3.