Frankreich

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The text outlines significant social changes in France since 1944, focusing on modernization and its key characteristics. It examines shifts in the professional and social structure, highlighting the urbanization process. Employment trends, including the evolution of the labor market and the challenges of employment policy, are discussed. The role of trade unions and employer associations is explored, detailing the French labor movement's traditions, the main union organizations, and the perspective of the employer community. Additionally, the text delves into labor relations, addressing conflicts, collective bargaining, and the dynamics within workplaces, alongside the modernization of these relationships. Income distribution and social inequality are analyzed, covering developments in income distribution, emerging dimensions of inequality, and their causes, as well as the limitations of redistribution through the tax system. Lastly, the evolution of the welfare state is examined, including the structures of the Sécurité sociale, the challenges faced by the welfare system, and the potential for reform in a uniquely French context. The annotation concludes with references, an index of individuals, a subject index, and a list of abbreviations.