Relativistic Many-Body Theory

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This revised second edition offers a comprehensive update on relativistic atomic many-body theory, reflecting significant developments since the original publication. A new final section expands the discussion to include the evaluation of QED effects for dynamical processes. The text is grounded in quantum-field theory, demonstrating that when applied to all orders of perturbation theory, two-particle systems align with the relativistically covariant Bethe-Salpeter equation. This approach is applicable to arbitrary open-shell systems and those with more than two particles. Current theoretical methods for atomic systems often fall short of explaining precise experimental data, especially for highly charged ions. The main text is divided into three parts. Part I reviews standard time-independent and time-dependent perturbation procedures, introducing a new section on the "Fock-space procedure" for relativistic-QED calculations, commonly used by chemists. Part II outlines three QED calculation methods: the standard S-matrix formulation, the Two-times Green’s-function method from the St Petersburg Atomic Theory group, and the Covariant-evolution operator (CEO) method from the Gothenburg group. Part III integrates the CEO method with electron correlation into a unified MBPT-QED procedure. The new Part IV introduces two chapters on dynamical properties and QED effects evaluation, addressing the growing interest in these topics. Nume