Before the Computer

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The book delves into the evolution of the data processing industry in the U.S. from the 19th century to the rise of computers as essential tools. James Cortada reframes the narrative around digital technology, illustrating it as an extension of the earlier "office appliance industry," which included typewriters and calculators. By utilizing previously inaccessible archives, he sheds light on IBM's early history and provides insights into companies like NCR and Burroughs. This work not only focuses on the U.S. but also offers a comparative perspective with Europe and Asia, enriching our understanding of the industry's economic impact.