Tato série úvodů do filozofie je navržena tak, aby zpřístupnila klíčové filozofické obory začínajícím studentům. Každá kniha se soustředí na jednu z hlavních oblastí myšlení a poskytuje jasný a srozumitelný výklad. Cílem je vybudovat pevné základy v daném tématu, čímž se tato řada stává ideálním odrazovým můstkem pro každého, kdo se chce seznámit s filozofickými koncepty. Je to vynikající zdroj pro pochopení základních filozofických disciplín.
The first comprehensive textbook covering the interrelations between topics in the philosophy of logic in an accessible, non-technical, and up-to-date way. Avoiding complex jargon, this book engages with metaphysics of logic, logical pluralism, and the meaning of logical constants, and will be a highly important resource for students of philosophy.
An extensively rewritten second edition of this best-selling standard text for graduates and upper-level undergraduate students of logic, philosophy of mathematics, and pure mathematics. A clear and accessible treatment of Gödel's famous, intriguing, but much misunderstood incompleteness theorems.
This book examines the central questions of ethics through a study of theories found in the great ethical works of Western philosophy. The core chapters cover egoism, the eudaimonism of Plato and Aristotle, act and rule utilitarianism, modern natural law theory, Kant's moral theory, and existentialist ethics.
Preface; 1. Introduction; 2. The decision matrix; 3. Decisions under ignorance; 4. Decisions under risk; 5. Utility; 6. The mathematics of probability; 7. The philosophy of probability; 8. Bayesianism and pragmatic arguments; 9. Causal vs evidential decision theory; 10. Risk aversion; 11. Game theory I: basic concepts and zero-sum games; 12. Game theory II: nonzero- sum and cooperative games; 13. Social choice theory; 14. Overview of descriptive decision theory; Appendix A. Glossary; Further reading; Index.
Introduces readers to central concepts and debates in political philosophy using real-life examples. Clearly written, thematically structured, and containing several new chapters, this fully updated second edition explores topics including economic inequality, justice, immigration, climate change, freedom, democracy and racial oppression.
This introduction provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the central topics in Latin American philosophy. It explores not only the unique insights offered by Latin American thinkers into pre-established fields of Western philosophy, but also the many 'isms' developed as a direct result of Latin American thought.
This work offers a comprehensive exploration of the philosophy underlying social science, presented by a respected author in the field. It delves into fundamental questions about the nature of social phenomena, the methods used to study them, and the implications of various philosophical perspectives. Readers can expect to engage with critical concepts that shape the understanding of social research and its significance in interpreting human behavior and societal structures.
A clear and accessible introduction to epistemology or the theory of knowledge.
This introduction to philosophy explores its fundamental nature, methods, and importance. It offers insights into philosophical inquiry and encourages readers to engage with critical thinking and reflective practices. The book serves as a guide for understanding philosophical concepts and applying them to everyday life, highlighting the relevance of philosophy in fostering a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us.
This book is an introduction to non-classical propositional logics. It brings together for the first time in a textbook a range of topics in logic, many of them of relatively recent origin, including modal, conditional, intuitionist, many-valued, paraconsistent, relevant and fuzzy logics. The material is unified by the underlying theme of world-semantics. All of the topics are explained clearly and accessibly, using devices such as tableaux proofs, and their relation to current philosophical issues and debates is discussed. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy, but which, until now, could be studied only through the research literature. It will interest those studying logic, those who need to know about non-classical logics because of their philosophical importance, and, more widely, readers working in mathematics and computer science.
This book explores key concepts and debates within the philosophy of language, examining fundamental questions about meaning, reference, and the nature of linguistic communication. It addresses significant philosophical challenges and theories, providing a comprehensive overview that is accessible to both newcomers and those familiar with the field. Through critical analysis, it encourages readers to engage with the complexities of language and its implications for understanding thought and reality.
A fascinating journey through intriguing mathematical and philosophical territory - a lively introduction to this contemporary topic.
This undergraduate textbook offers the first comprehensive treatment of Africana philosophy. Covering Africa, Europe, North and South America, the Caribbean, it explores the challenges posed to our understanding of knowledge and freedom today, and the response to them which can be found within Africana philosophy.
This critical introduction offers a balanced view of both the theory and the practice of feminism, exploring a range of approaches.
This book explores the philosophical questions surrounding the science of the mind, making complex concepts accessible to readers without a psychology background. It covers topics like perception, attention, consciousness, and the mind-body relationship, providing a comprehensive overview valuable for students and specialists in related fields.
A clear and compact survey of philosophical theories of the nature and value of art, in a new, expanded edition.
"An Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion" offers a comprehensive overview of key topics in contemporary philosophy of religion. It analyzes historical and modern arguments on divine attributes, faith and reason, ethics, miracles, and more, while also addressing often-overlooked issues like atheism and the interplay of religion and politics.
What makes it the case that one event causes another event? What are material objects? What makes it the case that a person may exist at two different times? This engaging and well-written introduction makes these questions tractable by presenting the features and flaws of current attempts to answer them.
What is philosophy? How should we do it and why? This book is a clear and comprehensive introduction to the branch of philosophy which asks these questions about itself - metaphilosophy. Essential reading for students and practitioners of philosophy and accessible to others interested in the subject.
Dieses Buch ist eine Einführung in die nicht-klassische Aussagenlogik. Zum ersten Mal wird hier in einem Lehrbuch eine Reihe von Themen der Logik angesprochen, viele davon recht jung, einschließlich der Modallogik, der konditionalen, der intuitionistischen, der mehrwertigen, der parakonsistenten und der relevanten Logik und der Fuzzy Logic. Das Material wird durch das zugrunde liegende Thema der Semantik möglicher Welten geeint. All diese Themen werden mit Hilfe von solchen Instrumenten wie Tableau-Beweisen klar und verständlich erklärt und in ihrer Beziehung zu gegenwärtigen philosophischen Fragen und Debatten erörtert. Studierende mit Grundkenntnissen der klassischen Logik werden in diesem Buch eine wertvolle Einführung in einen Bereich finden, der sowohl für die Logik als auch für die Philosophie in zunehmender Weise von zentraler Bedeutung ist, bisher jedoch nur anhand von Forschungsliteratur studiert werden konnte. Es ist von Interesse für Studenten der Logik, für Studenten, die sich mit nicht-klassischer Logik aufgrund ihrer philosophischen Bedeutung beschäftigen, und allgemein für Leser aus dem Bereich der Mathematik und Computerwissenschaft, die mehr über diesen Bereich wissen wollen.