Daniel Clement Dennett Knihy

Co je to mysl a kdo jiný (kromě tázajícího se) ji má? Autor se na tuto otázku snaží odpovědět pomocí propojování výsledků filosofie, umělé inteligence i neurobiologie. Může někdo z nás někdy skutečně vědět, co se děje v mysli někoho jiného? Co odlišuje lidskou mysl od myslí jiných živočichů, zvláště těch, kteří nám jsou z vývojového hlediska blízcí? Kdyby se některým z takových živočichů zázrakem dostalo daru řeči, co bychom se od nich mohli dozvědět? Mohli by vyvinout onu dosud výlučně lidskou schopnost teoretizovat o světě, který obývají? Budou roboti, až se jim jednou dostane senzorických smyslových systémů, které jim dovolí získávat zkušenosti o světě, myslet tak jako my? Dennett k těmto otázkám přistupuje z hlediska evoluce a přirozeného výběru: Začíná od makromolekul DNA a RNA a pak ukazuje, jak se život, krok po kroku, vyvíjel od jednoduché schopnosti reagovat na často se opakující rysy prostředí k mnohem sofistikovanějším způsobům překonávání obtíží a využívání vzorců minulé zkušenosti k předpovídání budoucnosti. Tvrdí, že ke své jedinečné lidské schopnosti formulovat a uskutečňovat své dlouhodobé záměry jsme se dostali řadou překvapivě malých a na první pohled nikoli převratných kroků. Dennett zaujímá k některým z tradičních otázek poněkud překvapivý postoj: Jeho kniha nenabízí žádné jednoduché a uzemňující odpovědi, jistě však nenechá klidným nikoho, kdo si otázky související s povahou mysli někdy sám kladl.

A collection of 17 essays exploring the central issues of the philosophy of the mind, and human interaction with psychology and evolutionary biology. This book questions the relationship between psychology and morality as well as exploring the concept of human intentionality. It argues that intentional attributes such as desires, goals, beliefs and knowledge are purely mechanistic.

Brilliant, shattering, mind-jolting,The Mind's Iis a searching, probing nook--a cosmic journey of the mind--that goes deeply into the problem of self and self-consciousness as anything written in our time. From verbalizing chimpanzees to scientific speculations involving machines with souls, from the mesmerizing, maze-like fiction of Borges to the tantalizing, dreamlike fiction of Lem and Princess Ineffable, her circuits glowing read and gold,The Mind's I opens the mind to the Black Box of fantasy, to the windfalls of reflection, to new dimensions of exciting possibilities.

People commonly view evolution as a process of competition between individuals—known as “survival of the fittest”—with the individual representing the “unit of selection.” Richard Dawkins offers a controversial reinterpretation of that idea in The Extended Phenotype, now being reissued to coincide with the publication of the second edition of his highly-acclaimed The Selfish Gene. He proposes that we look at evolution as a battle between genes instead of between whole organisms. We can then view changes in phenotypes—the end products of genes, like eye color or leaf shape, which are usually considered to increase the fitness of an individual—as serving the evolutionary interests of genes.Dawkins makes a convincing case that considering one’s body, personality, and environment as a field of combat in a kind of “arms race” between genes fighting to express themselves on a strand of DNA can clarify and extend the idea of survival of the fittest. This influential and controversial book illuminates the complex world of genetics in an engaging, lively manner.

Known as the "four horsemen" of the New Atheism, four thinkers of the twenty-first century met only once. Their examination of ideas was wide-ranging. Everything that was said as they agreed and disagreed with one another, interrogated ideas and exchanged insights about religion and atheism, science and sense speaks to our present age. The dialogue was recorded, and is transcribed and presented in this book

Can there be freedom and free will in a deterministic world? Renowned philosopher Daniel Dennett emphatically answers "yes!" Using an array of provocative formulations, Dennett sets out to show how we alone among the animals have evolved minds that give us free will and morality. Weaving a richly detailed narrative, Dennett explains in a series of strikingly original arguments—drawing upon evolutionary biology, cognitive neuroscience, economics, and philosophy—that far from being an enemy of traditional explorations of freedom, morality, and meaning, the evolutionary perspective can be an indispensable ally. In Freedom Evolves, Dennett seeks to place ethics on the foundation it deserves: a realistic, naturalistic, potentially unified vision of our place in nature.

"A supremely enjoyable, intoxicating work." —Nature How did we come to have minds? For centuries, poets, philosophers, psychologists, and physicists have wondered how the human mind developed its unrivaled abilities. Disciples of Darwin have explained how natural selection produced plants, but what about the human mind? In From Bacteria to Bach and Back, Daniel C. Dennett builds on recent discoveries from biology and computer science to show, step by step, how a comprehending mind could in fact have arisen from a mindless process of natural selection. A crucial shift occurred when humans developed the ability to share memes, or ways of doing things not based in genetic instinct. Competition among memes produced thinking tools powerful enough that our minds don’t just perceive and react, they create and comprehend. An agenda-setting book for a new generation of philosophers and scientists, From Bacteria to Bach and Back will delight and entertain all those curious about how the mind works.

Thinking is hard. A few of us may be natural geniuses; others are blessed with reserves of willpower. Then there are the rest of us: not prodigies and short on time, but still aspiring to understand the world. What can we do? Acclaimed thinker Daniel Dennett reveals a collection of his favourite thinking tools, or 'intuition pumps'. From Occam's Razor to the benefit of mistakes, the 90% rule to avoiding 'deepities', this entertaining guide will enable you to tackle life's most fundamental questions - evolution, meaning, consciousness and free will - and teach you to think independently and creatively. 'Intelligence, insight and flair . . . They don't come much bigger than Daniel Dennett.' Julian Baggini, Guardian 'Brilliant . . . Vintage Dennett.' @ Richard Dawkins 'A philosopher's box of tools for the musing mind.' Melvin Konner, Nature 'A lively primer on the radical answers Mr. Dennett has elaborated to the big questions in his nearly five decades in philosophy.' Jennifer Schuessler, The New York Times 'America's most important and entertaining philosopher.' Observer 'Dennett will lift the top off your head.' Daily Beast

Offering a challenge to society and a different history of belief, this book discusses why and how different faiths have commanded allegiance and shaped so many lives. It argues for the need to understand this multifaceted phenomenon, and also presents a comprehensive explanation for religion.