Rules

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A panoramic history of rules in the Western world reveals their profound impact on our daily lives, governing everything from work hours to social interactions and life rituals. Historian Lorraine Daston explores the evolution of these rules from ancient to modern times, highlighting their necessity in every culture. Drawing from diverse examples such as legal texts, cookbooks, military manuals, and traffic regulations, Daston shows that while the content of rules is varied, their forms remain surprisingly consistent. She identifies three enduring types of rules: algorithms for calculation, laws for governance, and models for teaching. The narrative illustrates how rules can evolve, becoming either more rigid or flexible, and how once-unwelcome regulations can transform into accepted norms. Covering a vast array of activities, from meticulous regulations to natural laws, Daston examines the effectiveness of rules and the philosophical questions they raise, some of which have persisted since ancient times. This exploration provides a comprehensive view of the constraints that shape our lives, often without our awareness.